Acute Oral Toxicity of a Novel Pharmaceutical Excipient (Grewia gum) in Wistar Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26538/tjdr/v2i6.3Keywords:
Grewia gum, Excipient, Acute toxicity, Oral, RatAbstract
Purpose: Grewia gum is reported to possess significant potential as a natural pharmaceuti cal excipient. However, there is currently a lack of information regarding its toxicity in animal models.
Methods: The acute oral toxicity of Grewia gum (G. mollis) was evaluated in female Wistar rats using a fixed-dose procedure as outlined in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Guideline No. 420. The animals were monitored for mortality, behavioural, biochemical, and haematological changes and their vital organs were preserved for histopathological analysis.
Results:The results indicated no mortality, systemic toxicity, or behavioural changes in the rats administered Grewia gum, with the oral median lethal dose (LD50) exceeding 2000 mg/kg. Grewia gum did not affect food and water consumption in the animals. However, the concentrations of serum bicarbonate, total bilirubin and total protein increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the Grewia gum-treated animals. Furthermore, the administration of Grewia gum resulted in a significant reduction in mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values, which suggests subtle effect on haematopoietic tissue. Microscopic examinations of organ sections from both the control and Grewia gum-treated groups revealed no abnormalities.
Conclusion:Thus, oral administration of Grewia gum resulted in mild effects on serum liver and haematological indices, indicating that the gum is safe at the present level of exposure in rats.
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